Communication Process of Neurons in the Brain

Write a 350- to 700-word response to the following: Explain the communication process of neurons in the brain. List some common neurotransmitters and describe their effect on behavior.

Neurons are electrically excitable cells found in the nervous system which is reasonable for the transmission between neurons and cells. Neurons help the all body systems communicate with the brain by sending and receiving signals with a specific region of the central nervous system is established. To accomplish its functions neurotransmitters are needed by the neurons so that signals between a neuron and a cell are relayed, amplified and modulated. Neurotransmitters are chemicals released by a neuron at the presynaptic nerve terminal by which movement across a small gap called the synapse facilitates accomplishment of communication of information between the neurons and the other cells.

These neurotransmitters have various functions which include regulation, stimulation, motivation, transmissions and inhibitions of different body functions. Neurotransmitters play major roles in regulation of moods, emotion, affect, sensory functions, and perception thus has great impacts on behavior. Common neurotransmitters that can affect the behavior include dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. Dopamine is released in different parts of the brain usually released by naturally rewarding factors such as food, sex, and drugs. It has stimulating effects and performs many functions including important roles in behavior and cognition, motivation and pleasure, sexual arousal, regulation of sleep, mood, attention, motor activities, and learning. Serotonin also controls mood and behavior including sexual and hallucinogenic behaviors, appetite, sleep, memory and learning.

While norepinephrine also renders stimulating effects, fosters alertness, and plays an important regulatory role in long-term memory and learning. With optimal levels, it can stimulate a sense of wellbeing and has the capability to cause feeling of euphoria during stressful conditions. Excessive amount can trigger physiological symptoms of fear and anxiety.

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