Types of Trees

Trees are organized by genus, then species, subspecies, and variety. This allows searches for the genus name of a tree (example Abies - Fir) and for species search within the genus (example Abies alba - Silver fir). Subspecies can be identified by the "ssp." located after the species name. Example;

Pinus nigra - Austrian pine - (a species of Pine)

Pinus nigra ssp. Laricio - Corsican pine - (a subspecies of Austrian pine)

Deciduous trees are trees that shed their leaves for a part of every year. Unlike evergreens, deciduous trees lose their leaves during the cold or dry season, depending on the climate, and remain bare until they grow new leaves each spring. Deciduous trees are often collectively referred to as hardwoods.

One of the spectacular things about deciduous trees is the wide array of colors that their leaves display before they are shed. Depending on the variety, deciduous trees have leaves that turn from bright yellow to crimson and many shades of orange in between. In the United States, deciduous trees in the north begin to turn colors four to five weeks before deciduous trees further south. The changing leaves mark the beginning of autumn.

Some of the most popular varieties of deciduous trees include poplars, ashes, birches, maples, locusts, and oaks. All of these trees produce the same type of popular hewn lumber hardwoods. Conversely, evergreens such as pines and redwoods tend to be softer woods. Many deciduous trees such as cherries, crabapples, magnolias, and dogwoods flower when they are leafless or just beginning to grow new leaves. This aids the pollination process because the flowers are visible to insects and there are no leaves to obstruct the wind from carrying the pollen.

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