Biodegradable Plastics and Degradation by Biodegradable Bacterial Enzyme

Biodegradable Plastics and degradation by biodegradable bacterial enzyme

Introduction

In recent times syntheses plastic is used in many industries . However it is causing serious environmental problems as it persists after many years of disposal . Innovations of biodegradable plastics that is eco-friendly and which can be produced and consumed at lower price is attracting increasing interest in the society. Mostafa et al. (2014) looked at producing CA a type of biodegradable plastic from agriculture waste flax and cotton. Luz et al. (2014) focused on the time which Oxo-biodegradable plastic bags needed to degrade in both biotic and antibiotic situations. Normal degradation is initiated when sunlight ,oxygen or both are available, absent of these degradation may not happen. Suzuki et al. (2012) investigated the potential of yeasts isolated from a microorganism of a beetle to degrade bio-degradable plastics when suitable environment are fulfilled. While Shinozaki et al. (2012) similarly investigated the ability of plastic degrading enzymes isolated from Pseudozyma antarctica. Brodhagen et al. (2014) summarizes many of the current biodegradable plastic used in agriculture and discussed the flaws in degradable ability .This annotated bibliography will discuss different kinds of biodegradable plastics and degradation using bacterium biodegradable enzyme.

Keywords: Biodegradable plastics, biotic, antibiotic, degradation, bacterial enzyme

Biodegradable materials has advantages such as eco-friendlyness and low cost. This article aimed at looking at the yield of CA produced from low cost raw materials flax compared to cotton and moreover investigated and evaluated CA biodegradability,resistance for acid alkalis and salts. Biodegradability were examined by composing samples of CA with municipal waste at 55 degrees. Whereas resistance for acid and base were performed by using chemical sulfuric acid and alkalis at concentrations of 10%,20% and 30% for 4 and 10 days. Results showed that flax fibers yielded higher CA. Produced CA showed good resistance to acid. This suggests CA is a suitable material for packaging,plastic tool and all other basic purpose. This experiment used just flax and cotton as raw material, opening up accessibility for other agriculture waste to produce CA.

This article was useful in providing a new type of biodegradable plastic CA. It included the properties of CA, and some commercially low costs and eco-friendly aspects which why it can be favored over traditional plastic for agricultural films, medicine and food packaging and all other purposes.3/5

PaE enzyme in Pseudozyma spp. has strong ability to degrade biodegradable plastics in agricultural mulch, it can be easily isolated from plant (vegetables and crops) surface. The aim of this test was to show PaE enzyme’s degradation ability for the widely used biodegradable plastics PLA, PCL, PBS, PBSA.The experiments began by extracting and purifying PaE enzyme from Pseudozyma spp. At suitable operation conditions the degradation of eluded biodegradable plastics was measured according to total organic carbon ( TOC). Result showed similar TOC results. Results indicated PaE can degrade various biodegradable plastics. Although degradation was measured using TOC the mechanism how PaE degraded polymer was not know. Furthermore this result was produced in controlled experimental conditions which is not always possible in nature environment. Therefore results should be accepted with caution.

This article was not very useful as it was hard to understand. It focused on the characterization of the enzyme .How microbial degradation happened was not mentioned.