Management Level

Managerial jobs vary on two important dimensions. One is vertical dimension, focusing on different hierarchical levels. The other is a horizontal levels. Today we are going to mention and discuss about hierarchical level.

Along the vertical dimension, managerial jobs fall into three categories: first line, middle and top management. This categories represent vertical differentiation among managers as they involve different organization levels, and they do need different skill and function to organize a firm which going to discuss in next section.

First-line managers

At the lowest hierarchical level, first line managers or supervisors operate and are responsible for operational (non-managerial) employee work. First-line manager are vital to the success of organization goals, as they responsible for smooth daily operations. For example, AIS St Helen's first-line managers are the lecture, marketing, accounting, student service and so on.

First-line manager or supervisors face conflicting demands. First-line supervisor power has been eroded by factors such as union influence, increased worker education levels, work teams and computers taking over formerly first-line managerial activities.

Middle managers

Below top hierarchical levels and directly responsible for lower-level managerial work are middle managers. They may be directly responsible for other middle or first-line managers. They may supervise operating staff such as administrative assistants and specialists (e.g. engineers or financial analysts). They are responsible for implementing overall organizational plans to achieve organizational goals. For example, AIS's middle manager is Adam Brown, he takes order or plan directly from the top manager, and has responsible to organizes, lead, monitor the first-line managers to achieve the goal.

Top managers

Top managers are at the very top hierarchical levels and responsible for the whole organization. Top managers are responsible for the upper layer of middle managers, typically overseeing overall organization planning, working with middle managers to implement planning, and maintaining control over the organization's progress. For example, Mike Robert is AIS top manager, and all his duty is take respond of career of the organization (AIS).

Key Management skills

As well as their knowledge base, managers need skills for various management functions. A skill is the ability to engage in a set of functionally related behaviours, leading to a desired performance level in a given area. There are three skill types necessary for managers; technical, human and conceptual. These generic skills play an important role for effective managers everywhere.

1, Technical skills involve both an understanding of and a proficiency in a specialized field. For example, a manager may have technical-functional skills in accounting, finance, engineering, manufacturing or computer science.

Technical skill mostly is more important for the first-line manager than the middle and top manager, top manager is require the most less of that skill. For example, if we use the example of each level of manager in AIS, the first-line manager(lecture) they need the most technical skill, such as they need to be a specialist of some subject which can give a lecture or teach the resource to the student in the class. The middle manager(Adam Brown)also need to have unless some technical skill, which he need to understand and take responsible of organizes the first-line manager job and process. The top manager(Mike Robert) doesn't need to know much about technical skill, because his job does not really relate to any technical position, and he only to take care well the career of whole organization.

2,Human skills are associated with a manger's ability to work well with others, both as a group member and as a leader who gets things done through others. All level of manager are equally need the human skills, because managers with effective human skills are good at communicating with others and motivating them to develop and

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