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Biodiesel Synthesis Using Supercritical Methane and Ethane

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BIODIESEL MANUFACTURE VIA SUPERCRITICAL METHANOL AND SUPERCRITICAL ETHANOL (SCM & SCE) ROUTE

DISSERTATION SUBMITTED AS A PART OF END SEMESTER EXAMINATION OF VIII SEMESTER OF B. TECH DEGREE

By

Name of student                            Roll No.

1. Anvesh Mishra                :        10BPE003

2. Yakashender                    :        10BPE014

3. Aakar Gupta                :        10BPE025

4. Abhinav Reddy                :        10BPE084

5. Rohit Kawadkar                :        10BPE094

6. Anuj Trivedi                :           10BPE123

7. Harsh Agarwal                :        10BPE187

8. Akash Kumawat                :        10BPE213

SCHOOL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY

PANDIT DEENDAYAL PETROLEUM UNIVERSITY

GANDHINAGAR, GUJARAT, INDIA

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Group Dissertation entitled “Biodiesel Manufacture via Supercritical Methanol and Supercritical Ethanol (SCM & SCE) Route ” submitted by the following students for the partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelors of Technology in Petroleum Engineering, School of Petroleum Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar. This work was carried out under my guidance and supervision. No part of the dissertation has been submitted for the award of any degree or diploma elsewhere to the best of my knowledge.

     Name of the Student                                                  Signature of the Student

1.   Anvesh Mishra        

2.   Yakashender                    

3.   Aakar Gupta

4.   Abhinav Reddy        

5.   Rohit Kawadkar                

6.   Anuj Trivedi                

7.   Harsh Agarwal                

8.   Akash Kumawat        

Date:

Place:

                                                                                      ……………………………………..

                                                                                             Mr. Himanshu H. Choksi,

                                                                        Lecturer, Department of Chemical Engineering,                    

                                                                                             School of Technology, PDPU

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Through this acknowledgment we would like to thank all the people, who helped and supported us during this project work. Without their help this project would have not come to this stage.

We heartily thank our faculty mentor Mr. Himanshu Chokshi, who made our project loving job and guided us to the core of the topic and made us understand that what exactly it is and how it can change future of energy.

We would like to show our gratitude to Director, School Of Petroleum Technology, Dr. Anirbid Sircar, who allowed us to work on this magnificent project.

We extend our sincere thanks to Dr. Uttam Bhui, Faculty SPT who helped in co-ordinating and guiding during the project work.

Finally we thank all esteemed faculty members of PDPU, our family and friends for their constant support during the entire project work.  

     Name of the Student                                                  Signature of the Student

1.   Anvesh Mishra        

2.   Yakashender                    

3.   Aakar Gupta

4.   Abhinav Reddy        

5.   Rohit Kawadkar                

6.   Anuj Trivedi                

7.   Harsh Agarwal                

8.   Akash Kumawat        

CONTENTS

CONTENT

PAGE NO.

List of Figures

5

List of Tables

6

Abstract

7

Chapter 1- Introduction

  • 1.1 Biofuels
  • 1.2 Biodiesel
  • 1.3 Sources of Oil
  • 1.4 Properties Of  Biodiesel
  • 1.5 Why Biodiesel?
  • 1.6 What makes Biodiesel sustainable?
  • 1.7 Grades of (Bio) Diesel
  • 1.8 Blends of Biodiesel
  • 1.9 Challenges with Using Biodiesel Fuel
  • 1.10 Biodiesel as a Lubricant Additive
  • 1.11 Major Players in India

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Chapter 2-Conventional biodiesel production

  • 2.1 Process chemistry
  • 2.2 Trans-esterification
  • 2.3 Process description
  • 2.4 Issues with Conventional Bio-Diesel Production

14

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18

Chapter 3- Biodiesel Production by Supercritical Alcohols

  • 3.1 Supercritical fluids
  • 3.2 Non catalytic Trans-esterification
  • 3.3 Process variables
  • 3.4 Process benefits
  • 3.5 Process Limitations

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24        

Chapter 4-One Step Method

  • 4.1 SAKA Process
  • 4.2 Effect of Temperature
  • 4.3 Supercritical Method vs. Conventional Method

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Chapter 5- Two Step Method: Saka-Kusdiana Process

  • 5.1 Introduction                                                                  
  • 5.2 Process Description
  • 5.3 Effect of Temperature
  • 5.4 Effect of Molar Ratio
  • 5.5 Two-step vs. One step Method

Chapter 6- Comparison between SCM and SCE Reactions

  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 The Experiment: Description
  • 6.3 Effect of Temperature
  • 6.4 Effect of Reaction Time
  • 6.5 Effect of alcohol to oil Molar Ratio
  • 6.6 Comparison

Chapter 7- Co-solvent and its Application

  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Role of Co-solvent

Learning and Conclusion

References

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